Umbreen Javaid and Rehana Saeed Hashmi. “Contending Ethnic Identities: An Issue to Pakistan’s Internal Security (The Case of Karachi)”. Journal of Political Studies 19, no. 01 (June 30, 2012): 57–77. Accessed December 7, 2025. https://jps.pu.edu.pk/6/article/view/204.